New Government Accounting Systems Essay Example for Free

New Government Accounting Systems Essay Dont sneak. Not exclusively does experiencing your flat mates things disregard their protection, yet it can likewise crush the trust among you on the off chance that they discover. Have a spot to put your own mail, individual photographs and different things that you dont need your flat mate experiencing to keep away from struggle over protection issues. Individual Items As indicated by Huffington Post, getting individual things is a primary driver for pressure between flat mates. Cease from getting anything without your flat mates consent, and dont permit your visitors to contact or obtain anything of theirs, either. On the off chance that you do acquire consent, return the thing expeditiously and in a similar condition that you obtained it. On the off chance that you break it or harm it, supplant it. Clamor Levels Harmony and calm at home is significant whether you are an understudy or a working proficient. It very well may be hard to gather in a domain that is continually noisy and rambunctious. Concur on set calm occasions in your family unit and regard them. Regard Continuously regard your flat mate. On the off chance that they arent someone that you definitely know well, set aside the effort to get to know them. Your flat mate could conceivably be your companion, says Huffington Post, yet the person in question will be your colleague. Treat that individual with class and thought consistently. Funds As colleagues and house mates, it is critical to be direct with your flat mate about accounts. In the event that something occurs and you can't make the lease, let them know. Your money related wellbeing can straightforwardly affect their day to day environment. Consider having the lease naturally charged from the record to forestall any setbacks and split all bills into equal parts. Work with your flat mate to set up a monetary arrangement ahead of time to stay away from issues from happening that may imperil your day to day environment. Mingling On the off chance that you are the kind of individual to have a ton of organization or enjoy social drinking or smoking at home and your flat mate isn't, this can be a wellspring of conflict among you. Talk about this issue ahead of time. Set some standard procedures for social visits, parties and such and tail them.

Corporate Social Responsibility Essay example -- Business Corporate So

Corporate Social Responsibility Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is an exceptionally disputable theme. An inquiry that has been bantered for as far back as barely any decades is; is it corporately reasonable to present social duty as a proposed expansion to the hard working attitude of business associations. Just as, if receiving the system of corporate social duty would yield positive upgrades for those associations. The motivation behind this paper is to inquire about the thought of CSR and reveal its actual system and layout what social duty really intends to corporate associations, and whether it ought to be genuinely viewed as a real expansion to the corporate structure of an association. This will be finished by sketching out a portion of the nuts and bolts through the clarification of certain terms supporting CSR and administrative contribution. A clarification of how CSR is a basic piece of business language. This will at that point be trailed by a breakdown of the intricate structure that CSR is accepted to have. The social desires that shoppers have of business, and ways those organizations can meet these desires will be tended to. At that point a layout of the job the board plays in the joining of socially dependable credits to a company will be communicated, proof to propose that ?if this implies there an implicit agreement that expects business to respect a good absolute minimum, at that point a business administrator is compelled by a sense of honor to obey it? (Bowie 1991: 56-66). This exposition will likewise explore a portion of the traditional speculations of CSR and its commitment to benefit expansion. At long last, some particular contentions that expre ss that the presentation of social obligation is definitely not a smart thought and how it has neglected to make the ?great society? (Friedman 1970: 122-126) will be talked about. Corporate social obligation has experienced a definitional advancement over the past 50 years however has consistently and will consistently stay a fundamental piece of business language. Meanings of CSR have turned out to be increasingly explicit; since the 70?s, with elective accentuations, being put on issues, for example, the comprehension of corporate citizenship (which is a key idea of CSR), and the partner hypothesis. In early compositions CSR was alluded to all the more frequently as social duty (SR) instead of as CSR. Bowen (1953: 6) put forward an underlying meaning of the social duty: It re... ...974. ?Social duties of business administrators?. Foundation of Management Journal, vol. 17, pp. 135-143. McWilliams, A. furthermore, Siegel, D. 2001, ?Corporate Social Responsibility: A Theory of the Firm Perspective?, Academy of Management Review, vol 26, no. 1, pp 117-128. Mitchell, R., Agle, B., and Wood, D. 1997. ?Toward a hypothesis of partner recognizable proof and notability: Defining the guideline of who and what truly tallies?. Institute of Management Review, vol. 22, pp. 853-886. Robbins, S. P., Bergman, R., Stagg, I. what's more, Coulter, M. (2000) ?Management?, French?s Forest: Prentice Hall. Verschoor, C. (2001) ?Corporate Power Must Be Balanced With Good Citizenship?, Strategic Finance, vol. 83, no. 3. Waddock, S., and Graves, S. 1997. ?The corporate social presentation - monetary execution interface?. Key Management Journal, vol. 18, pp. 303-319. Weigelt, K., and Camerer, C. 1988. ?Notoriety and corporate system: A survey of late hypothesis and application?. Key Management Journal, vol. 9,pp. 443-454. Wright, P., and Ferris, S. 1997. ?Office struggle and corporate procedure: The impact of divestment on corporate worth?. Vital administration Journal, vol. 18, pp. 77-83.

How to Save Money on Glasses and Contacts

How to Save Money on Glasses and Contacts How to Save Money on Glasses and Contacts How to Save Money on Glasses and ContactsEyewear can get expensive in a hurry. Here are ways to fix your poor vision without breaking your poor bank account!If you want to fix your vision problems and you don’t like having lasers shot into your eyes, then glasses or contact lenses are probably the solutions for you!But both of these sight solutions can get pricey. Glasses can costs hundreds of dollars and  Contacts need to be regularly replaced or you’ll risk growing some sort of “venom” creature in your eye.One could even imagine that venom creature yelling “show time” before jumping out of your eye to cause mischief. Even worse, that could happen in a public place, like a theater. Perhaps one close to you.So how can you avoid venom  show times in a theater near you?By using these expert tips, youll be able to get more affordable contact lenses and glasses. And if you just showed up because you googled Venom showtimes in a theater near you and then somehow landed on thi s page, we feel strongly that look into affordable eye care as well.Why? Well, judging by the reviews  that movie has garnered, your desire to see it probably means you should get your eyes fixed. Do some research.It might be tough to study up if you can’t read properly due to your poor vision. But whether you need to squint a little or get a friend or family member to help out, doing your research will save you money in the long run.The first step is making sure you’re seeing the most affordable optometrist you canâ€"who still has reasonably good reviews and is board-certified. This is especially important if you don’t have vision coverage and will be paying out of pocket. And there’s a chance you may not have vision coverage, even if you have other coverage.“My agency works with Medicare beneficiaries, but my tips would really apply to readers of any age,” explained Danielle K. Roberts, co-founder of Boomer Benefits (@boomerbenefits). “I thought I would give some ins ight on this and what we tell our own policyholders because many of them don’t realize that that Original Medicare does not cover routine vision care.“I always recommend that they shop around for an optometrist that offers the lowest cost for cash-paying patients. After getting your prescription, head out the door! Without vision coverage, shopping for glasses at the doctor is often the highest cost.”Doing some additional research also means you’ll be better equipped to determine exactly what you need to get and how to get it most affordably.“Knowledge up,” suggested Scott Hamula (@shamula), Associate Professor of Integrated Marketing Communications at Ithaca College. “Familiarize yourself with the different measurements opticians use to describe eyeglasses; lens width and height, bridge width, and temple arm length. Then, match those indicators up with pairs that best fit your face to get a sense of the size for which to shop.”But where should you go to shop?Go onli ne.When it comes to affordable eyewear, you’re better off surfing the net than hitting the pavement.“Glasses can be expensive, especially if you buy them in store,” warned Ashli Dawn, personal finance blogger at Moolah Mogul. “A few years ago I started buying my prescription glasses online and Ive saved a ton of money.There are a number of companies that actually send you a range of glasses to try-on before you buy (and theyll usually cover shipping both ways, too). Youll need your full prescription and your pupillary distance to order online (make sure you request your pupillary distance from your optometrist.) You can technically measure this yourself at home, but your optometrist is the most accurate.”And she wasn’t the only one who emphasized the importance of getting your pupillary distance measured.“I used insurance to get my eye exam,” lifestyle blogger Erin A. Smith (@JustErinSmith) told us. “Once I got home, I used the information in my prescription releas e to order glasses from Zenni Optical. All of the glasses in the store were over $100 for one pair.I was able to buy three pairs online for less than $70. I will note that you may need to call your eye doctor to determine your pupillary distance as it is not always listed on your paperwork but they should have it on file.”Hamula offered us some additional tips for getting the best values on eyewear online: “Create an online account. This way, retailers will email you special offers on frames, lenses, or both, and typically shipping is free and your satisfaction guaranteed.“Place items in your cart and WAIT. Retailers will email you both a reminder that you have items in your cart AND they will typically offer you an extra incentive offer to ‘buy now.’ Also, search online for discount codes just to be sure youve got the best ones before buying.”But of course, you need to be careful when it comes to your eyes.Make sure they’re legit.Saving money is vital, but if your eye wear isn’t going to properly fix your vision, what’s the point of spending the money at all?Although it might be nice to support online mom and pop glasses and contact lens warehouses, if the company doesn’t have much of an online presence, you should consider that a bad sign.Look for online reviews when making your decision, and choose a place with an actual customer service line if possible, so you can connect to an actual person if your contacts or glasses are late.Hopefully, these tips will help you get the affordable eyewear you need. Unless you weren’t able to read it, in which case, we’re sorry.Weve written tons of posts that aim to help people save money. (One way to save tons of money? Steer clear of predatory no credit check loans and short-term bad credit loans like title loans, payday loans, and cash advances!) If you want to learn more about saving money, check out these related posts from OppLoans:50 Places That Will Give You Free Stuff on Your BirthdayHere†™s How to Save on Movies Now That MoviePass is Probably DoneThe Broke Person’s Guide to Dating4 Simple Ways to Save Money on Groceriesâ€"While Still Eating Healthy!What are your best strategies for snagging affordable eyewear? We want to hear from you! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.ContributorsAshli Dawn is the owner and founder of  Moolah Mogul. A reformed overspender, she is passionate about financial literacy, helping people crush debt, and making budgeting fun. When shes not behind her laptop, you can usually find her at the park with her husband and 2-year-old son, eating Indian food at her favorite local restaurant or with her nose in a book. She currently resides in North Carolina.Professor  Scott Hamula (@shamula) is the chair of the Strategic Communication Department and program director of the Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC) major at the Roy H. Park School of Communications at Ithaca College.Danielle K. Roberts is a founding partner and senior exe cutive at  Boomer Benefits (@boomerbenefits), a national agency specializing in Medicare-related insurance products since 2005. Serving thousands of Medigap policyholders in 47 states, Boomer Benefits helps baby boomers learn the ropes regarding Medicare.Erin Smith is a 20-something lifestyle blogger from Maryland. Her blog,  Erin A. Smith (@JustErinSmith), shares her passion for beauty, food, and travel. She also enjoys using her platform to bring attention to topics like miscarriage and mental health in order to create positive conversations for change.

The Impact of the French and Indian War on Colonial America

Nowitzky 1 Chris Nowitzky Professor Noyalas November 23,2011 U.S. History 121 The Impact of the French and Indian War on Colonial America The French and Indian war was fought between Great Britain and France from 1754 to 1763. Also known as the Seven Year’s War, this confrontation eventually erupted into an all out worldwide conflict. Its effects were not only immediate but long term. Although the colonies were not directly tied to the war, it greatly impacted them as well as modern America. The war was primarily fought along the colonies separating New France, from Virginia to Nova Scotia. France controlled the early part of the war, rounding up British forces. It wasn’t until 1757 that Britain truly threw all its resources†¦show more content†¦This enraged the colonist and made them rethink their political views. The Proclamation of 1763 also had a significant effect on the attitudes of the colonials towards the British. After the war and the Treaty of Paris, the Proclamation of 1763 was one of the first documents issued to govern the colonies. This proclamation simply stated that no further settlement beyond the Appalachian Mountains would be allowed. The colonists looked at the proclamation as putting an off limits sign on the Ohio River Valley which the whole war had started over. The Proclamation was actually misinterpreted by the colonist and Britain’s failure to clearly identify its intentions began the chain of events that led to the Ameri can Revolution. Each political step taken by the British after the French and Indian War drew Americans closer and closer to revolution. The British ideals slowly began to drift away from the American colonist’s ideals after the French and Indian War. The British had only one focus at the time and that was making money. All that King George III wanted from the colonies was pure profit to Britain. The colonies wanted all the freedoms and rights as they had in Britain and it was Nowitzky 4 felt that that wasn’t the best way to make money. Americans believed in liberty, peace, freedom, love and gratitude. They felt like they were supporting enough revenue back to Britain and that they should be given moreShow MoreRelatedImpact Of The French And Indian War On The British Government941 Words   |  4 PagesIV.The Impact on the British The impact of the French and Indian War on the British government was a positive move toward the dominance of Europe after the defeat of the French in terms of the colonization of North America. During this time, the British had incurred a massive military debt, which had to be paid over the long-term. To ensure that the British government did not take full responsibility for the debt, the British colonists were expected to pay back the debt burden through extremelyRead MoreThe French and Indian Wars Impact on America Essay examples1198 Words   |  5 PagesThe French and Indian Wars Impact on America At the peak of Britains prominence, it was said that the sun never sets on the British Empire. Many were enthralled under its wing of mighty protection and dare a country stand up to Britain and face the consequences. In 1755 the last of the great conflicts between the Britain and France broke out. Although initially proving its superiority, one of the main facets of the British Empire headed for a major transformation. So that is why I say theRead MoreThe Origins and Patterns of Development for the New World Essay example1096 Words   |  5 Pagesexchange of commodities across both sides of the Atlantic. These two things, imperial competition and transatlantic trade, influenced the origins and patterns of development of North American societies in the colonial period. Trade affected the birth and development of the British colonies in America. In the case of the first colony, Virginia, trade was at the heart of its survival. When Virginia was first settled, it resulted in several failures. The first colony there, Roanoke, disappeared, after whichRead MoreThe Causes And Effect Of The French And Indian War1146 Words   |  5 Pages 7 Years of War â€Å"French and Indian war† What were the causes and effect of the war? Ana Rodriguez 6th period 03/10/15 What were the causes and effect of the French and Indian war? â€Å"The last and most destructive of the four Anglo-French Colonial wars, was the French and Indian war.† Took place on 1754-1763, and together with its European counterpart, the seven years war. Start with England declaring war on France, and ending with the Treaty ofRead MoreThe Causes of the Seven Years War1814 Words   |  7 PagesThe French and Indian war represents the generic notion for what is known in the history of the European continent as the Seven Years War. This war represented an important moment in the history of the United States, despite the fact that the actual confrontation and the political disputes had included the French and the British. Although the political matters were related to the colonial issues the two sides had on the European continent, the major battlefield in this sense were disputed in theRead MoreThe Impact Of Indians During The Colonial Americas Essay1411 Words   |  6 Pages The Impact of Indians in the Colonial Americas Many historians speculate that about 20,000 years ago Paleo-Indians migrated to America. How they made the journey is highly speculated as well. Some believe it was by a land bridge between Asia and Northern America while others believed the Paleo-Indians to have migrated via boat. However, how they arrived is not what matters, but what is important is that the Paleo-Indians made it to the Americas where they began establishing their own civilizationsRead More The French and Indian War Essay939 Words   |  4 Pagesforce of French and Indians ambushed British and colonial troops. This catastrophe was to ultimately become the starting point of the French and Indian War. During the â€Å"Seven Years War†, as the French and Indian War is commonly called, there were wins and losses on both sides, but ultimately the British were victorious with the help of William Pitt. However, the War caused England many economic, political, and ideological tribulations with the American coloni sts. In response to a French threat toRead MoreThe American Revolution1472 Words   |  6 Pagesdemonstrate the long downward spiral of British control in North America. This unraveling of relations began after the French and Indian War, aided by many costly decisions made by the British Parliament and individuals of power in the colonies. Although many factors after the French and Indian War effected the American revolution: The Treaty of Paris in 1763, proclamation line, and a staggering war debt accumulated throughout the long seven-year war all equated to declining relations due to differentiatingRead MoreCause and Effect of the Seven Years War in America1529 Words   |  7 Pagesin size and trade. This could not be done without intruding on French land. This caused France to take an offensive position alongside their Indian allies against their biggest rival. Britain and its colonies persisted forward resulting in The Seven Years’ War or, as some call it, The French and In dian War. The Seven Years’ War was caused by Britain’s need for expansion and resulted in devastating debt, the humiliation of the French, and soured relations between the British and its colonies ultimatelyRead MoreThe French and Indian War Essay823 Words   |  4 PagesThe French and Indian War was a conflict in North America in which Great Britain fought France and their Native American allies. It lasted from 1756 until 1763, so it was also known as the Seven Years War. At the peace conference in 1763, the British received Canada from France and Florida from Spain, but permitted France to keep its West Indian sugar islands and gave Louisiana to Spain. The treaty strengthened the American colonies significantly by removing their European rivals to the north and

Personal Grooming Marketing - 1488 Words

Propose a type of message appeal to be used in the advertising, making sure to explain the rationale behind the appeal. Personal grooming products consist of deodorant, shaving cream, hair trimmers, skin care and cologne to name a few. Personal care products is aimed specifically at men, which accounts for $4 billion in our current retail industry. The advertising vehicle to be used is through television and digital marketing .Men want to be perceived as technically well informed, strong and healthy and well groomed. The proposed opening message would project a scrawny or over weight fellow who has poor grooming habits and smells bad. His hair would be long and unkempt and wearing a beard that has never been trimmed. Displaying unkempt†¦show more content†¦The term Hispanic encompasses any person that originates from Mexico, Puerto Rico, South or Central American regions. Hispanic males are strong in family participation, make loyal leaders of the family, and prove to be faithful with family and friends. This culture takes great pride in their appearance and their appearance helps to define the machismo in their culture. Our personal care products would support their view of themselves and enhancing their culture of which they are passionate. Asian Americans include a wide variety of cultures according to Deliver Magazine author (Britt, 2012) states, â€Å"Asian American groups include U.S. citizens of Chinese, Korean, Filipino, Japanese and Vietnamese heritage, as well as immigrants and descendants from South Asian countries like India, Pakistan and Bangladesh†. Clearly this large group is worthy of acknowledgement as the fastest growing ethnic groups within the US. This group is family oriented who believes education is important to their survival. These ethnic groups provide a large financial opportunity to marketers. Decide which microcultures and additional demographics should be targeted. Additional microcultures to target are sports fans and video gamers because the peer pressure is high in these particular groups. The most popular sports in America are baseball, football, and basketball events that are highly attended events both live and on television.Show MoreRelatedMba 5501, Advanced Marketing Unit V Marketing Plan1434 Words   |  6 PagesMBA 5501, Advanced Marketing Colombia Southern University Gillette has successfully convinced the world that â€Å"more is better† in terms of number of blades and other razor features. Why has that worked in the past? What next? Gillette is one of the well-known razor brand targeted at men. The razor has received popularity and accepted by men who entrust their faces and skin to Gillette. The technological innovation and commitment for quality and continues improvement geared towards the uniqueRead MoreGillette Marketing Plan687 Words   |  3 PagesManagerial Marketing Marketing Plan Questions for Discussion 1. Evaluate product innovation at Gillette throughout its history. Has Gillette been a victim of its own success? Has product innovation in the wet-shaving market come to an end? Explain. While evaluating the product innovation at Gillette throughout its history, it is easy to relate to the companies ups and downs, as well as its struggles. Especially in the younger developmental years, we see the resilience of the company andRead MoreUnit II : Company Overview And Market Research1152 Words   |  5 PagesUnit II: Company Overview and Market Research Arimount is a well-recognized company specializing in beauty and personal grooming products that has been in operation for 20 years. The company is pondering the release of a new personal deodorant product into a very competitive market. The company’s research and development department has created a new chemical that has proven effectiveness for up to 5 days provided the user does not use a soap on the treated area. Arimount will face stiff competitionRead MoreRazor and Gillette1020 Words   |  5 Pagesinternational capabilities. 5. Gillettes sponsorship of sports gets good response from the market. 6. Gillette introduced its product to the US military which created a big market of self-shaving individuals. 7. Gillette has ventured in overall personal grooming. 8. Products of Gillette are known for its good quality. 9. Paul Hankins and Jim Pear impose a strong leadership in the company with strict control over product costs, overhead expenses, and working capital. Weakness 1. GillettesRead MoreUnilever, The Dove Brand Parent Company1670 Words   |  7 PagesUnilever, the Dove brand parent company, is a multinational company, dating as far back as the nineteenth century (unilever.com, n.d.). Unilever is comprised of over 400 brands, whose products lines include personal care products, cleaning agents, food and beverages, and used by two billion people each day (unilever.com, n.d.). The company employs over one-hundred, sixty-eight thousand people, including a remarkable forty-five percent of managers that are females (unilever.com, n.d.). 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In 2003, the most dynamic growth sector was deodorants, up 8%, followed by sun care, up 5.8%, men’s grooming products, up 5.3%, and hair care up 4.7%, says STAT-USA (the US Department of Commerce), in its market overview report for US exporters. There is a growing number of affluent, image-conscious women who place a high priority on personal grooming and appearance. Women are also starting to apply makeup and experimentRead MoreEssay about Gillettes Acquisiton of Duracell1193 Words   |  5 Pagesbegin by providing a brief introduction on the acquisition of Duracell by Gillette, followed by the reasons it lacked success, and finally end with the proposed recommendations for Duracell. Currently, Gillette’s operating segments include personal grooming, small appliances, and oral care products, and the portable power segment. In the portable power segment, Duracell’s major competitors consist of Energizer and Rayovac while new and emerging ones included Sony, Kodak, Panasonic, and other private

Coca-Cola in Brazil Free Essays

1920s and 30s International expansion The Company began a major push to establish bottling operations outside the U. S. Plants were opened in France, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Belgium, Italy, Peru, Spain, Australia and South Africa. We will write a custom essay sample on Coca-Cola in Brazil or any similar topic only for you Order Now On May 8, 1886, a pharmacist named Dr. John Pemberton carried a jug of Coca-Cola ® syrup to Jacobs’ Pharmacy in downtown Atlanta, where it was mixed with carbonated water and sold for five cents a glass. In 1942 Coca-Cola entered the Brazilian market. ? Brazil is Coca Cola’s third largest operation and second largest international market. ? Low average consumption (144 bottles/p/y) USA (462 bottles/p/y) ? Mexico (402 bottles/p/y) ? low profitability market ? 20th position ? ? ? ? ? ? From 1986 to 2003 nonalcoholic drink consumption AVG yearly growth of 13. 92%. ? Per Capita Consumption of Soft Drink in Brazil has increased by average rate of 17. 37% per year. Highly competitive market : ? AmBev: main competitor with 17% market share. It partnered with Pepsi increasing sales profitability. ? Other competitors have an average market share of 33,5% (within these, there are illegal manufacturers operating without permissions and without paying taxes). More than 3500 bran ds of soft drink in Brazil. More than 700 plants in 2004. Difficulty to reach rural communities. POS consumption. ? ? ? ? ? Cola was the Brazilian favorite flavor (41. 8%) followed by Guarana (23. 9%) and Orange (11. 4%). Soft drinks were sold in variety of containers made of glass, PET and aluminum, having capacities that varied from 200 ml to 2. 5 liters. The most favourite packaging is the disposable bottle from 2 to 2,5 litres with a total percentage average consumption of 72. 88*. Average sales growth rate in brazil between 1986-2003 in parcentage: 5,74 Consumers cares about price, flavor and quality, without being influeced by brand name. Poor distribution channels. ? Only 25% of soda sales are through supermarkets. ? Scarcity of vending machines. A- B: C: D-E: ?Most sophisticated class. ?They have the highest levels of income and education ? Typical worker ?Lack purchasing power ? Low/middle class ?Struggle to afford basic ? Compromise 12,6 million goods services households ? 28% of total national consumption ? ? ? ? ? ? Worldwide top known brand. Distribution network (9000 vehicles). High quality products. Wide product mix. Large market share. Large scale of operations. ? Poor distribution network in rural areas Investment reduction in media and advertising in 67% of product categories ? The price of Coca-Cola is higher than that of competitors ? Price cutting strategy has effect only on market share and not on profitability ? Develop a more accurate distribution network in rural areas. ? Expanding product range (Guarana). ? Partnership/acquisition with local brands. ? Sponsoring more social events (Rio 2016) and contribute to social development. ? Coming up with more efficient promotion. ? Leveraging class C. ? Consumer behavior: strong price consciusness and low level of loyalty ? Intense competition. B brands competiting illegally (no legal existence thus not paying taxes) ? High threat of new entrants (ex. RC Cola) ? High elasticity of demand ’ ? Expanding the output of the company’s product (Guarana Kuat) planting 200ha of Guarana: Pros: they secured the 11% Guarana market in Brazil. Pros: they allowed to reach a cost benefit controlling the supply and quality of raw materials. ? Venture into Tubainas territory: Pros: acquisition and blocking of ne w competitors. Cons: acquiring a competitor does not signify securing from its future actions. ? Price cutting from $0,65 to 0,45 ? -30%: Cons: negative effect on profitability. ? Buying back franchise operations: Pros: market share back from 48% to 50%. Cons: negative effect on profitability. ’ ? Partnership with Norsa: Pros: market share from 42% in 2002 to 44,5% in 2003 and increasing operational profits by 40%, thus implies Tobainas’s market share dropping by 4%. ? Sponsoring national events (mostly Rio de Janeiro Carnival): Pros: dissemination of brand awareness. ? Renovation of the company’s plants: Pros: more effective and efficient operations. ? introducing returnable glass bottle: Pros: reducing cost of packaging. Strenghten its position in the south-east of Brazil widening its distribution network. ? Keep going on strategic partnerships with local competitors. ? Extend the existing product range and effectively advertise and market it. ? Use different types of packaging to arrive to customers thus increasing their demand ? introduce limited edition bottles maitaining the same price. ? Make the company organization and asset structure more flexible in order to better respond to an high competitive and fast changing environment. ? Increase promotional activities in order to fight price competition and improve the peirceived quality for the products. Achieve operational efficiency through economies of scale. ? Exacerbate legal actions against B brands. ? Acquire or build Joint Ventures with Brazilian companies for exploiting their local knowledge. ? To be more involved in the local distribution, concentrating on the positioning of the products in the shelves. ? To better understand the customers needs and to adapt to local tastes. ? Make the customers understand that they are paying a premium price for a higher quality of products, and not because of the high promotion and advertising expenses. How to cite Coca-Cola in Brazil, Papers

The NorthWind Database Tutorial free essay sample

Subqueries are queries embedded in queries. They are used to retrieve data from one table based on data in another table. They generally are used when tables have some kind of relationship. For example, in the NorthWind database, the Orders table has a CustomerID field, which references a customer in the Customers table. Retrieving the CustomerID for a specific order is pretty straightforward. Code Sample 1 /* Find the CustomerID of the company that placed order 10290. */ SELECT CustomerID FROM Orders WHERE OrderID = 10290; Code Explanation This will return COMMI, which is very likely meaningless to the people reading the report. The next query uses a subquery to return a meaningful result. 1 Code Sample 2 Find the name of the company that placed order 10290. SELECT CompanyName FROM Customers WHERE CustomerID = (SELECT CustomerID FROM Orders WHERE OrderID = 10290); Code Explanation The above code returns Comercio Mineiro, which is a lot more useful than COMMI. The subquery can contain any valid SELECT statement, but it must return a single column with the expected number of results. We will write a custom essay sample on The NorthWind Database Tutorial or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For example, if the subquery returns only one result, then the main query can check for equality, inequality, greater than, less than, etc. On the other hand, if the subquery returns more than one record, the main query must check to see if a field value is (or is NOT) IN the set of values returned. Code Sample 3 Find the Companies that placed orders in 1997 /****************************** The query below will work in SQL Server ******************************/ SELECT CompanyName FROM Customers WHERE CustomerID IN (SELECT CustomerID FROM Orders WHERE OrderDate BETWEEN 1-Jan-1997 AND 31-Dec-1997); Code Explanation The above SELECT statement will return the following results: 2 3 EXERCISE 1†¦ Subqueries Duration: 20 to 30 minutes. In this exercise, you will practice writing subqueries. 1. Create a report that shows the product name and supplier id for all products supplied by Exotic Liquids, Grandma Kellys Homestead, and Tokyo Traders. o You will need to escape the apostrophe in Grandma Kellys Homestead. To do so, place another apostrophe in front of it. For example, o o SELECT * FROM Suppliers WHERE CompanyName=Grandma Kellys Homestead; 2. Create a report that shows all products by name that are in the Seafood category. 3. Create a report that shows all companies by name that sell products in CategoryID 8. 4. Create a report that shows all companies by name that sell products in the Seafood category. Joins How can we find out†¦ †¢ †¢ †¢ Which products are provided by which suppliers? Which customers placed which orders? Which customers are buying which products? Such reports require data from multiple tables. Enter joins. Syntax SELECT table1. column, table2. column FROM table1 JOIN table2 ON (table1. column=table2. column) WHERE conditions Creating a report that returns the employee id and order id from the Orders table is not difficult. 4 Code Sample 4 Find the EmployeeID and OrderID for all orders SELECT EmployeeID, OrderID. FROM Orders; But this isn’t very useful as we cannot tell who the employee is that got this order. The next sample shows how we can use a join to make the report more useful. Code Sample 5 Create a report showing employee orders. SELECT Employees. EmployeeID, Employees. FirstName, Employees. LastName, Orders. OrderID, Orders. OrderDate FROM Employees JOIN Orders ON (Employees. EmployeeID = Orders. EmployeeID) ORDER BY Orders. OrderDate; Code Explanation The above SELECT statement will return the following results: 5 Table names are used as prefixes of the column names to identify the table in which to find the column. Although this is only required when the column name exists in both tables, it is always a good idea to include the prefixes as it makes the code more efficient and easier to read. Table Aliases Using full table names as prefixes can make SQL queries unnecessarily wordy. Table aliases can make the code a little more concise. The example below, which is identical in functionality to the query above, illustrates the use of table aliases. 6 Code Sample 6 Create a report showing employee orders using Aliases. SELECT e. EmployeeID, e. FirstName, e. LastName, o. OrderID, o. OrderDate FROM Employees e JOIN Orders o ON  (e. EmployeeID = o. EmployeeID) ORDER BY o. OrderDate; Multi-table Joins Multi-table joins can get very complex and may also take a long time to process, but the syntax is relatively straightforward. Syntax SELECT table1. column, table2. column, table3. column FROM table1 JOIN table2 ON (table1. column=table2. column) JOIN table3 ON (table2. column=table3. column) WHERE con ditions Note that, to join with a table, that table must be in the FROM clause or must already be joined with the table in the FROM clause. Consider the following. SELECT table1. column, table2. column, table3. column FROM table1 The above code would break because it attempts to join table3 with table2 before table2 has been joined with table1. Code Sample 7 /* Create a report showing the Order ID, the name of the company that placed the order, and the first and last name of the associated employee. Only show orders placed after January 1, 1998 that shipped after they were required. Sort by Company Name. */ 7 /****************************** This query will work in SQL Server ******************************/ SELECT o. OrderID, c. CompanyName, e. FirstName, e. LastName FROM Orders o JOIN Employees e ON (e. EmployeeID = o. EmployeeID) JOIN Customers c ON (c. CustomerID = o. CustomerID) WHERE o. ShippedDate o. RequiredDate AND o. OrderDate 1-Jan-1998 ORDER BY c. CompanyName; Code Explanation The above SELECT statement will return the following results: 8 EXERCISE 2†¦ Using Joins Duration: 25 to 40 minutes. In this exercise, you will practice using joins. 1. Create a report that shows the order ids and the associated employee names for orders that shipped after the required date. It should return the following. There should be 37 rows returned. 9 2. Create a report that shows the total quantity of products (from the OrderDetails table) ordered. Only show records for products for which the quantity ordered is fewer than 200. The report should return the following 5 rows. 3. Create a report that shows the total number of orders by Customer since December 31, 1996. The report should only return rows for which the NumOrders is greater than 15. The report should return the following 5 rows. 4. Create a report that shows the company name, order id, and total price of all products of which NorthWind has sold more than $10,000 worth. There is no need for a GROUP BY clause in this report. 10 Outer Joins So far, all the joins we have worked with are inner joins, meaning that rows are only returned that have matches in both tables. For example, when doing an inner join between the Employees table and the Orders table, only employees that have matching orders and orders that have matching employees will be returned. As a point of comparison, lets first look at another inner join. Code Sample 8 /* Create a report that shows the number of employees and customers from each city that has employees in it. */